Wasps

Wasps in Virginia

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The Virginia Wasp Nest

Quick Wasp Information

Species in Virginia: 300+

Common Locations: Trees, Attic, Garages, Garden Furniture

Damages: Walls, Supports, Roof

Health Concerns: Allergic Reactions, No Known Diseases

Exploring the Diversity and Behavior of Wasps in Virginia

Wasps are a diverse group of insects that belong to the order Hymenoptera, which also includes ants and bees. With over 30,000 known species, wasps come in a wide range of shapes and sizes, from tiny parasitic wasps that are just a few millimeters long to large hornets that can reach several centimeters in length. Wasps are characterized by their slender bodies, elongated wings, and distinctive color patterns. While some species of wasps are known for their painful stings, others play important roles in pollination and pest control.

In this article, we will explore the species of wasps found in Virginia, their anatomy, life cycle, habitat, behavior, diet, and feeding habits, as well as the venomous wasps found in Virginia and common wasp infestations. We will also discuss methods for preventing and controlling wasp infestations in Virginia, including natural remedies and chemical treatments. Whether you are a homeowner, gardener, or simply interested in the world of insects, this article will provide you with valuable insights into the fascinating world of wasps in Virginia.

Species of Wasps in Virginia

Virginia Paper Wasp

Paper Wasps

Polistes spp.

They are named for the paper-like nests they construct, which are made from chewed-up wood fibers mixed with saliva. Paper wasps can be identified by their long, slender bodies and black and yellow coloration.

These are social wasps that live in small colonies of up to a few dozen individuals, with each colony being led by a dominant queen. Paper wasps are generally not aggressive and will only sting if they feel threatened.

Yellow Jackets

Vespula spp.

Yellow Jackets are social wasps that can be aggressive when defending their nest. They are known for their distinctive black and yellow striped bodies and can be identified by their short, stocky build.

Yellow jackets build their nests in a variety of locations, including in the ground, in trees, and in buildings. They are attracted to human food and can be a nuisance at outdoor events.

Virginia hornet

Hornets

Dolichovespula spp. & Vespa spp.

Hornets are social wasps that build large, spherical nests made of paper-like material. They are typically larger than other species of wasps, with some hornets reaching up to two inches in length.

Hornets are generally not aggressive but will defend their nest if they feel threatened. Their diet primarily consists of other insects and spiders, which they capture using their powerful jaws and stingers

Mud Daubers

Sceliphron spp.

Mud daubers are solitary wasps that do not form colonies. They are named for their habit of building mud nests, which they construct by collecting mud and shaping it into small tubes.

Mud daubers are generally not aggressive and do not sting unless provoked.

Cicada Killers

Sphecius spp.

Cicada killers are also solitary wasps that do not form colonies. They are named for their habit of hunting and killing cicadas, which they use to feed their offspring.

Cicada killers are generally not aggressive and do not pose a threat to humans, despite their large size.

Wasp Anatomy and Life Cycle

Wasp Life Cycle

Wasp larvae develop inside the cells of the nest, which are made of a paper-like material. The queen wasp lays eggs, which hatch into larvae after a few days. The larvae are fed by the adult wasps until they pupate and develop into adults. The adult wasps then take on various roles within the nest, depending on their age and gender.

In social wasp species, such as paper wasps, yellow jackets, and hornets, the colony is led by a dominant queen who is responsible for laying eggs. The queen also releases pheromones that control the behavior of the other wasps in the colony. Male wasps, or drones, are responsible for mating with the queen, while female wasps, or workers, are responsible for building and maintaining the nest, caring for the young, and foraging for food.

In contrast, solitary wasp species, such as mud daubers and cicada killers, do not form colonies. Instead, each female wasp constructs her own nest and cares for her own offspring.

The lifespan of a wasp can vary depending on the species and gender. Male wasps generally live for only a few weeks, while female workers can live for several months. The queen wasp can live for several years in some species.

Wasp Anatomy

Wasp Antennae Eyes Stinger Wings Legs Hive

Wasp Habitat and Behavior

Wasp Habitat and Distribution in Virginia

Paper wasps are commonly found in residential areas, where they build their nests in sheltered locations such as eaves, porch ceilings, and attics. They are also found in wooded areas and fields, where they build their nests in shrubs and trees.

Yellow jackets are often found in open fields, forests, and urban areas. They build their nests in a variety of locations, including in the ground, in trees, and in buildings. They are often attracted to human food and can be a nuisance at outdoor events.

Hornets are typically found in wooded areas and forests, where they build large, spherical nests in trees. They are also sometimes found in urban areas, where they build their nests in sheltered locations such as attics and eaves.

Mud daubers are typically found in rural areas, where they build their nests in sheltered locations such as barns, sheds, and under eaves. They are also sometimes found in urban areas, where they build their nests in similar locations.

Cicada killers are typically found in open, sunny areas such as fields and meadows. They build their nests in the ground, often near trees where cicadas can be found.

Wasp Behavior in Virginia

The behavior of wasps in Virginia varies depending on the species. Social wasps, such as paper wasps, yellow jackets, and hornets, live in large colonies and can be aggressive when defending their nest. Solitary wasps, such as mud daubers and cicada killers, are less likely to sting humans and do not defend their nests.

Wasp Diet and Feeding Habits

Wasp diets can vary depending on the species, with some species being predators and others being scavengers or herbivores. The feeding habits of wasps can also change depending on the time of year and the availability of food sources.

Social wasps, such as paper wasps, yellow jackets, and hornets, are predators and feed on a variety of insects, including caterpillars, flies, and spiders. They are also known to scavenge for sugary foods, such as fruit and nectar, particularly in the late summer and early fall when these foods are abundant.

Solitary wasp species, such as mud daubers and cicada killers, are also predators, but their prey tends to be more specific. Mud daubers, for example, feed exclusively on spiders, while cicada killers feed on cicadas.

The feeding habits of wasps can also have an impact on their behavior. For example, social wasps that are scavenging for sugary foods are more likely to be attracted to human food sources, such as sugary drinks and desserts. This can lead to wasp infestations in outdoor eating areas and around garbage cans.

Overall, understanding the diet and feeding habits of wasps can help homeowners identify potential food sources that may be attracting wasps to their property. By removing or limiting access to these food sources, homeowners can reduce the likelihood of a wasp infestation.

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